Built-up article.



, .0.HARLOW1 BUILT-UP ARTICLE. APPLIOATION FILED DB0.24,1901

Patented Nov. 9,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 W. C. HARLOW. BUILT-UP ARTICLE. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 24, 1901.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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UNITE@ STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

IFJ-ALTER C. HARLOW, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK,

BUILT-UP ARTICLE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IALTER C. HARLOW, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Built-Up Articles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to built up articles whose surface portions are composed of sectional shells, all or partly of metal, and to the method of making the same.

rIhe object is to cheapen and simplify the manufacture of metal-surfaced objects, to

permit the employment of metal so thin as ordinarily not to be self-supporting or not sufficiently shock-resisting, and to do away with the usual soldering, bolting, hanging, or spinning-over processes usually employed for uniting mechanically the k several elements of the surface. To these ends the articles constructed according to this invention have their surface regions formed of thin, sectional, dis-united shells, and are provided with heavy internal bodies of hardened plastic material, which serve as a key for holding the several sections assembled in their proper relative positions. It will thus be seen that the composite body serves as a support and reinforce for the sectional metal surface; and the invention is therefore sharply defined from that class of constructions in which concrete or cement articles arey reinforced internally by metal.

My invention is applicable to the manufacture of a `great variety of articles composed, at least in part, of metal, such as lamp bases, telephone bases, pendent and bracket light fixtures, ink-stands, urns, vases, and other receptacles, and the like.

In the accompanying drawings are shown several illustrative examples of the invention.

Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through a pendent light fixture constructed after my invention; Fig. 2, is a like view of a bracket light fixture; Fig. 3 is a like view of a base adapted to carry a desk telephone or a portable electric light; Fig. A is a like view of an ornamental pitcher or vase; and Fig. 5 is a like view of a base and font for an oil lamp.

Referring to Fig. l, the numerals l, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, indicate the several thin sectional shells of metal composing the surface portion of the pendent fixture, the number Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 24, 1907.

PatentedN ov. 9, 1909.

Serial No. 407,969.

and shape of these sections being governed by considerations of convenience and the effect which it is desired to create. 8 indicates lateral tubes or conduits projecting through section et, and 9 is a globe which may be carried by section 7. It will be seen that the several sectional shells are disunited, that is they are not directly connected one with another. A is the hollow body of hardened plastic, which supports the surface shells, and also the members 8, and holds all of these in their proper relative positions.

In Fig. 2, ll, 12, 13 and lll are the sectional metallic shells, and A the supporting body as before. l5 is an internally threaded bushing. held in the base of the body, and it@ is a pipe screwed therein.

Fig. 3 shows metallic shells 17, 18, and 19, together with a threaded nipple 20, which may be held in the upper end of the hollow body A, of hardened plastic.

In Fig. 4 are found the sectional shells 2l, 2Q, 23, and 24, supported by the body A of hardened plastic. This view shows how one of the metallic shellsmay be replaced by a glass or porcelain one, shell 22 being of vitreous or similar material. 25 is a handle which may be bolted to section 2l.

Fig. 5 shows a structure analogous to that of Fig. 4L, 26, 27 and 28 being metallic shells, and 29 a shell of glass or porcelain. The section 26 may have an internally-threaded thimble 30 secured therein. 3l is the metal lining of the oil font.

Referring to these several views, it will be seen that the body A, in each instance, serves in the nature of a key, locking the disunited shells in assembled position.

In making devices such as illustrated, the superficial metal portions are stamped or drawn in presses. They are then assembled in suitable molds, which if necessary, may be split or made in sections for easy removal from the assembled articles. These molds receive likewise any other portions of the assembled articles, which portions it is desired to unite in an integral structure with the metal portions. Examples of such parts are the metal tubes 8, in Fig. l, which carry electric lamps at their ends; the tube 14, Fig. 2, which may also be regarded as one of the surface shells, carrying a lamp or cluster of lamps at its end, also the internally threaded bushing l5; the nipple 20, Fig. 3, on which an electric lamp socket may be screwed; and the glass or porcelain shells 22 and 29 of Figs. 4 and 5.

When all the parts have been properly located, I pour in a suitable plastic compound which hardens on setting. I prefer for this purpose a substance which expands very slightly on setting, instead of shrinking like ordinary cement. A high degree of tenacity is also desirable. An example of a plastic composition Which I may use is one made by taking substantially equal parts by weight of oxid of magnesia and crystallized chlorid of magnesia, adding water to form a paste, and stirring in suitable inert material, such as crushed stone or sand. Naturally, however, I am not limited to this formula. If necessary, I employ means to tamp the tilling compound, in order to exclude air and 'obtain a maximum strength. If the article is to be hollow, I introduce either a removable core or a hollow form, preferably of papier mch, which may be cheaply manufactured, and which has suicient stiifness to resist the pressure of the composition during the tamping. If necessary, the cores may be made in sections. When the shells have been properly filled, the molds are set aside until the filling hardens, after which the molds are removed, leaving the article completely unified, without any of the usual mechanical means.

What I claim as new is:

A built-up, composite article consisting of sectional, metal shells too thin for structural strength, and a substantial body of cementitious material self-hardened in contact with and adhering to said metal shells and supporting and holding together said shells to constitute a metal jacket or surface.

Signed at New York city this 11th day of December 1907.

IVALTER C. HARLOVV.

IVitnesses:

EDW. F. REUTER, GEO. H. HOWELL. 

